Have you ever wondered how the language you speak came to be? The English language is one of the most popular languages on this Earth, second only to Mandarin Chinese. It is the ‘default’ language of the Internet, and is the most studied language in the world, with approximately 418 million people learning the language. English is spoken natively by some of the most powerful countries on Earth, including the USA, Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. How did it get this way?

Funnily enough, the English language doesn’t start in England, but in what is now Germany, of all places! The language has a long and colourful past, starting at around AD 449. The English language is part of an Anglo Frisian group within the ”Indo European” languages. The Anglo Frisian group consists of the Germanic languages (Swedish, Dutch, Icelandic and Norwegian (Northern Germanic), and English – (Western Germanic)). All these languages are related to each other. You may notice subtle similarities between modern English and modern German, for example “Father” in English, means the same thing as “Vater” in German.

To really understand how our beautiful language came to be, we must divide it’s history into categories. (more…)

South Africa has been always important in African history, at least in the last 500 years, when the Good Hope Cape, the most southern point of the African continent, was rounded by Bartolomeo Dias and Vasco de Gama, become highly strategic for all the European that wanted to reach the east Asia for their commercial and colonial affairs.

So, just here, near the actual Cape Town, the first stable European settlement was created by Dutch colons in 1652.

This year was surely not happy for all the African people, because just since then, the political, economical and cultural oppression of European colonialism has started.

South Africa was very important for navigation until the building of the Suez Channel that shortened much the time to reach by ship Asia from Europe.

But this wasn’t a great damage; South Africa, in the XIX and XX century (all in the hands of the English and Boer domination), had become one of the greatest providers of precious metals (gold, platinum, vanadium, manganese, antimony, chromium,….) and gems (diamonds) for the European and North American industry in continuous growth thanks to these goods, obtained at very low cost, robbing them to the South African Black people.

South Africa was, together (more…)

League of Nations is a organisation that vowed to put peace and order to the world. The League of Nations was an international organization founded as a result of the Paris Peace Conference in 19191920. The League’s main goals includes disarmament of Germany, preventing war through collective security, settling disputes between countries through negotiation and diplomatic ties and lastly, to improve global welfare.

League of Nation failed to maintain peace in World War Two due to the combinations of the factors.

F rance and Britain self-interest

A bsense of power

I neffective sanctions

L ack of regular army

U nfair Treaty of Versailles

Re aching decisions slowly

France and Britain are the two leading members in the League and often made decisions based on their own interest. Due to the impact of world war one, they are very weak in terms of economy and military power. In order to build up their economy and military power, they made many decisions based on their own interest. One such paradigm is the invasion of Abyssinia. Italy invaded Abyssinia and the League did not try to stop Mussolini, instead, they gave 2/3 of Abyssinia to Italy so that they would not (more…)

Haven’t heard of evolutionary economics? It’s not surprising. This is a new area of study that looks into the biological and evolutionary forces that shape our economic decisions. It is related to behavioral economics, another discipline you don’t hear much about.

The behavioral perspective is more about describing what we do, while the evolutionary perspective is all about hypothesizing why we do it. For example, let’s look at an experiment that economists call the “Ultimatum Game.” It is typically played with two subjects.

The pair is given $100 to split between them. Player one is allowed to propose any division of the money. He can suggest that he gets $75, for example, while the other “player” gets $25. Whatever he proposes, Player two can say yes or no, and then each will get his or her designated share, or he can say no, in which case neither gets a penny.

Now, if you understood what was just explained, you can see that rationally, player two should always say yes. After all, even if the split proposed is $95 and $5, the $5 is still better than nothing, right? Financially speaking, there is nothing to be gained by (more…)

“India is shining” and “India is rising” are the slogans by various political parties in India to highlight  the achievements of the economic reforms initiated in India in 1991.The economic reforms initiated in 1991 are also known as the new economic policy-1991.These reforms were initiated by then prime minister late sri P.V.Narasimha rao under the finance minister ship of the present prime minister,sri.Dr.Manmohan Singh.These reforms were initiated with the hope of transformimg India into a developed nation from a developing nation.The economic growth and economic development of a nation depend on the economic policies of the government,the availability of natural resources,the quality and the quantity of the population,the availability of efficient technology and the availability of credit and proficient and efficient management.In other words these are also known as the factors of production,viz Land,Labour,Capital and Organisation.Economic growth is defined as the increase in the per capita availability of goods and services,and the economic development means the overlall development of a nation including the improvements in infrastructural facilities such as the economical and social infrastructural facilities.    

 
                                     At present there are:1.Cars from different foreign countries plying on the Indian roads,2.Different  new retail stores like reliance,spencers,etc.,3.Several private airlines operators like jet,King fisher,Airdeccan,Paramount,Sahara etc 4.Many TV channels like BBC,Zee,Etv,Gemini,Teja,Maa Tv,Sony TV, (more…)

As anglers, I doubt we even realize the impact we have on our nations economy. Hopefully this will give you some insight on the positive cash flow we create by just doing what we are so passionate about.

In the past I’ve designed a couple of websites for tournament anglers and in the process I wanted to collect data to present to potential supporters and sponsors to make them aware of impact and participation. I recently “re-discovered” that data and thought you might find it interesting. So below is some of the numbers I collected from various sources that paint a pretty good picture of how fishing has evolved in to a money making, national past time.

Right now, the only ripple of interest to your angling friend is the one made by the fish as it surfaces at the end of the line. But all around, the money spent to buy tackle, gas for the boat and film to record the one that didn’t get away, is having a tremendous, positive impact on the economy. On average, an angler spends over $1,200 every year on the sport. Hidden, but none-the-less real, is a multiplying factor that effectively triples what (more…)

The pyramids of Egypt, all vestiges monumental that we have inherited the Egyptians of the ancient world, including the three Great Pyramids of Giza, are both the most impressive and most emblematic of this civilization.

Tombs of kings, queens and leading figures from the State, whose construction dates for the vast majority at the beginning of the ancient Egypt, the pyramid-shaped stone hosts one or more internal chambers connected by corridors.

The Great Pyramid of Giza, built by Cheops, is part of the seven wonders of the ancient world.

Mastabas of the pyramids

Mastaba, quasi-rectangular building, was the burial of rulers of the Old Kingdom.

The reasons for the passage of mastabas the pyramids are not clearly established, but it generally refers to the desire to reach heights increasingly important to demonstrate the importance and power of the pharaoh deceased. The first mastabas, Single stage, have first evolved to mastabas two floors to accommodate new structures funeral, the second floor is not as wide and high as the first.

With the beginning OF the Third Dynasty (circa -2700 to -2600), the mastabas became pyramids tell degrees, consisting of several successive stages with the overall (more…)