According to standard orthodox Egyptology the pyramid complex on the Giza plateau are funerary structures of the three Pharaohs from the fourth dynasty approximately 2575 – 2465 BC. The Great Pyramid is attributed erroneously to Khufu (Cheops) – with the other two being those of Khafre (Chephren) and Menkaura (Mycerinus).

Author Miroslav Verner writing in The Pyramids stated:

“To suppose that the pyramid’s only function in ancient Egypt was as a royal tomb would be an oversimplification.”

This is now more true than ever and I am of the opinion that if the pyramids, or more specifically the Great pyramid, was built solely for burial purposes of the given King (Khufu/Cheops) then it was and will remain an unprecedented farce. It is simply unimaginable that so much effort be placed into building a structure of such gargantuan proportions, with such amazing astronomical alignments, with such perfect precision, by thousands of human souls, all for the one purpose of burying their God-King.

In all the pyramids in Egypt, not one has delivered the full body of a Pharaoh. There have been parts – a supposed mummified foot at Djoser; fragments of a mummy in (more…)

The most famous Egyptian pyramids to be built are the Great Pyramids of Giza, located in the outskirts of present-day Cairo. There are over 100 Egyptian pyramids of various sizes, and over 50 more in neighboring Sudan. However, the three Great Pyramids of Giza earn their fame by being the largest of these.

In the most popular pictures of the Pyramids of Giza, like the one shown below, the middle pyramid, that of Khafre (Chephren), appears larger due to the angle and because it was built on higher ground. The largest pyramid is actually the Great Pyramid of Khufu (Cheops), the one on the left.

The Great Pyramid of Khufu

Contrary to popular belief, not all the Great Pyramids of Giza are considered part of the Seven Wonders of the World. Only the largest, the Great Pyramid of Khufu, is a member, and is the only one of the Seven Wonders that still stands. Egypt was also home to another of the Seven Wonders of the World, the Lighthouse of Alexandria, which was destroyed long ago.

The Pyramid of Khufu has a height of 145 m (475 ft) and a base area of 52,400 sqm (562,500 (more…)

“The causes of World War I”

World War I is known as the Great War which produced the Lost Generation. There are many causes for World War I and many people believe that it starts with the Alliance System. The Alliance system is only part of the cause for the war.

We need to look at what was happening in the World prior to World War I, all the events starting from mid 19th Century to the early 20th Century are catalysts for World War I. So you need to look at Germany, France, Great Britain and the Continent of Africa for your first clues as well as the Alliance systems.

Germany was becoming a great power that was rival to France and Great Britain. They began to set their eyes on colonizing and looked to the Continent of Africa. France also wanted to reestablish their might and power and in 1905 looked at the Moroccan state to bring under its power. Germany, under Wilhelm II, got wind of what France wanted to achieve and announced that the European powers should respect the sovereignty of Morocco, thus deflating the hopes of France. (more…)

The War’s beginning?

Some would say that World War Two began with Germany’s Invasion of Poland on the 1st September 1939 and the ultimatum of Britain that without a German withdrawal a State of War would exist. Needless to say there was no German withdrawal and WWII began, Britain, France, Australia and New Zealand declaring war on the 3rd of September 1939

Others would argue that world war two was simply the second round of world war one. Although the major powers had yet to realize it the continuance of the war between the Axis and Allies would result in the end of European dominance of the world and the destruction of their colonial empires. By renewing the fight they only ensured their own demise no matter who won the outcome.

Some have claimed that the Treaty of Versailles was harsh and unreasonable’ and therefore was the seed which guaranteed the second world war. Germany would seek to redress this wrong. In truth the Treaty of Versailles was no harsher than the very terms that the Germans had sought to impose on the Russians in 1917/18 with Russia forced to secede large tracts of territory and pay large indemnities in the Treaty of (more…)

Have you never wanted to discover some aspect of history that your teacher doesn’t know? Have you looked into not only your own family history but also your street’s,your community’s, your town’s, your county’s?

Last year I bought a history text book first printed in 1939; it was about the history of the County of Northumberland, England.

I read it, then I read it again, and despite it having lots of facts that I knew about it also was lacking facts that I knew about. Namely, that parts of Northumberland, including the town in which I live was once part of the County Palatine of Durham, with the Bishop of Durham (St Cuthbert’s ecclesiastical descendents) ruling over it. Nor was there any mention of the fact that the Bishop ruled his county for more than 400 years “jura regalia”, that is with the equivalent of the monarch’s powers. Yes, he gave fealty to the monarch, but even the monarch’s men, at that time, could not do what they wished in the County Palatine of Durham! This had a great impact on the history of my region, an impact that it seems the national historians in the (more…)